Since citric acid is a multifunctional acid, intermediate ions exist, hydrogen citrate ion, HC6H5O72- and dihydrogen citrate ion, H2C6H5O7-. These may form salts as well, called acid salts.
Ammonium ferric citrate (Cas No:1185-57-5, Einecs No.:214-686-6) is a green or reddish-brown powder which is very soluble in water. Ammonium ferric citrate has a slight ammonia odor.
Ammonium ferric citrate is also known as: Ammonium Iron(III) Citrate; Ammonium ferric citrate; Iron ammonium citrate; 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic Acid, Ammonium Iron (3+) Salt; Prothoate+; and Iron (II) ammonium citrate.
Potassium citrate is rapidly absorbed when given by mouth and is excreted in the urine as the carbonate. It is, therefore, effective in reducing the pain and frequency of micturition when these are caused by highly acidic urine. It is used for this purpose in dogs and cats, but is chiefly employed as a non-irritating diuretic.
Potassium citrate is an effective way to treat/manage gout and arrhythmia, if the patient is hypokalemic. In common with other substances which render the urine alkaline, it may be used to reduce the danger of crystalluria during sulfonamide therapy.
It is widely used to treat urinary calculi (kidney stones), and is often used by patients with cystinuria.
Sodium citrate is the sodium salt of citric acid with the chemical formula of Na3C6H5O7. Sodium citrate possesses a saline, mildly tart, flavor. For this reason, citrate of certain Alkaline and Alkaline Earth metals (e.g. sodium and calcium citrate) are commonly known as sour salt (occasionally citric acid is erroneously termed sour salt). Sodium citrate is chiefly used as a food additive, usually for flavor or as a preservative. Sodium citrate is employed as a flavoring agent in certain varieties of club soda.
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