Penicillins

Amoxicillin (INN), formerly amoxycillin (BAN), abbreviated AMOX, is a moderate-spectrum, bacteriolytic, β-lactam antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections caused by susceptible microorganisms. It is usually the drug of choice within the class because it is better absorbed, following oral administration, than other β-lactam antibiotics.

Ampicillin is a beta-lactam antibiotic that has been used extensively to treat bacterial infections since 1961. Until the introduction of ampicillin by the British company, Beecham, penicillin therapies had only been effective against Gram-positive organisms such as Staphylococci and Streptococci.

Benzathine benzylpenicillin (rINN) is a form of penicillin also known as benzathine penicillin. It is slowly absorbed into the circulation, after intramuscular injection, and hydrolysed to benzylpenicillin in vivo. It is the drug-of-choice when prolonged low concentrations of benzylpenicillin are required and appropriate, allowing prolonged antibiotic action over 2–4 weeks after a single IM dose.

Benzylpenicillin, commonly known as penicillin G, is the gold standard penicillin. Penicillin G is typically given by a parenteral route of administration (not orally) because it is unstable in the hydrochloric acid of the stomach. Because the drug is given parenterally, higher tissue concentrations of penicillin G can be achieved than is possible with phenoxymethylpenicillin.

Carbenicillin is a bactericidal and bacteriolytic antibiotic belonging to the carboxypenicillin subgroup of the penicillins.It has Gram-negative coverage which includes Pseudomonas aeruginosa but limited Gram-positive coverage. The carboxypenicillins are susceptible to degradation by beta-lactamase enzymes, although they are more resistant than ampicillin to degradation. Carbenicillin is also more stable at lower pH than ampicillin.

Cefazolin (INN), also known as cefazoline or cephazolin, is a first generation cephalosporin antibiotic.The drug is usually administrated either by intramuscular injection (injection into a large muscle) or intravenous infusion (intravenous fluid into a vein).

Clometocillin (or clometacillin) is a penicillin.

Epicillin (INN) is a penicillin antibiotic.It is an aminopenicillin.[1][2]